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Diabetes Drug May Reduce Dementia Risk, Study Shows – Here’s How the Two Diseases May Be Linked

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A recently published Korean study suggests that individuals with type 2 diabetes who’re prescribed a particular class of medication could also be in significantly worse shape lower risk of dementia.

Researchers compared the health outcomes of greater than 110,000 people aged 40 to 69 with type 2 diabetes who were prescribed a drug called SGLT-2 inhibitors with those of one other 110,000 patients taking a distinct class of medication, DPP-4 inhibitors. They followed the participants for a mean of 670 days.

The researchers found that after adjusting for potential confounding aspects, people taking SGLT-2 inhibitors had a 35% lower risk of developing dementia.

Diabetes is taken into account to be risk factor for dementia. So it’s not entirely surprising that treating diabetes can reduce the risk of dementia. But why would one drug reduce the risk greater than one other? And how are diabetes and dementia even related?

Diabetes and dementia

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas. Its job is to move glucose (sugar) from the bloodstream into cells, where it serves as an energy source. Type 2 diabetes occurs when the pancreas fails to supply adequate amounts of insulin, otherwise our cells will develop insulin resistance.

Dementia is attributable to changes in the brain and includes: several conditions which affect memory, considering, mood and our ability to perform on a regular basis tasks.

Diabetes has long been recognized as a risk factor for each Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementiatwo most typical types of dementia. Both are characterised by a decline in cognitive function attributable to disease of the blood vessels in the brain.

We don’t fully understand why diabetes and dementia are linked in this fashion, but there are some clues that will explain it. several possible reasons.

For example, diabetes increases the risk of heart disease and stroke, which damage the heart and blood vessels. When blood vessels in the brain are damaged, it could possibly contribute to cognitive decline.

Additionally, high blood sugar levels cause inflammation, which may damage brain cells and contribute to the development of dementia.

Dementia is attributable to changes in the brain.
PeopleImages.com – Yuri A/Shutterstock

Treating diabetes will help reduce the increased risk

Better blood sugar control in individuals with diabetes helps protect blood vessels and reduces inflammation in the brain.

Diabetes can initially be controlled with lifestyle changes similar to weight loss program and exercise, but treatment may include medications, similar to those taken by the study participants. Korean Studies.

Patients taking each varieties of drugs had comparable control of their blood glucose levels. But why did one reduce the risk of developing dementia compared with the other?

SGLT-2 (sodium glucose transport protein 2) inhibitors lower blood glucose levels by increasing the removal of glucose by the kidneys. These drugs are known to have positive effects also in other facets of health, including improving blood pressure, supporting weight reduction, and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress (a sort of damage to our cells).

Obesity AND hypertension themselves are risk aspects for vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s dementia, so it could be that these effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors reduce the risk of dementia to a greater extent than can be expected based on higher blood glucose control alone.

Prevention vs. Cure

It is significant to emphasise that the good thing about a drug reducing the risk of developing a disease is totally separate from any suggestion that the drug may be useful in treating the disease. The best method to reduce the risk of lung cancer, for instance, is to give up smoking. However, once you could have lung cancer, quitting smoking just isn’t enough to cure it.

That said, due to the evidence linking diabetes and dementia, some diabetes medications have been previously studied as treatments for Alzheimer’s disease. And they’ve been shown to supply a point of profit for knowledge.

A nurse tests a patient's blood glucose level by pricking their finger.
People with diabetes often must take medications to manage their blood sugar levels.
Dragana Gordic/Shutterstock

Semaglutide, higher known by its trade name Ozempic, belongs to a different class of diabetes drugs (called GLP1 receptor agonists). Semaglutide is currently being studied as a treatment for early Alzheimer’s disease in two clinical trials involving over 3500 patients.

These studies were inspired by observations made during clinical trials of semaglutide in individuals with diabetes, which showed lower rates of dementia in people taking the drug in comparison with those taking a placebo.

Like SGLT-2 drugs, GLP-1 class drugs are known to scale back encephalitisGLP-1 drugs also appear to scale back chemical reactions that result in the formation of an abnormal type of a protein called Tau, one among the pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease.

What’s next?

As our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying Alzheimer’s disease and other types of dementia continues to expand, there will even be advances in treatments.

It is unlikely that a single drug is the answer to Alzheimer’s disease. Cancer treatment has advanced to the point where the use of “drug cocktails” or combination of medicationis already routine.

One possible future for these diabetes drugs is that we could see them as a part of a variety of therapies that combat the ravages of dementia or, even higher, help prevent it, even in people without diabetes. But we want more research before we get to that time.

This article was originally published on : theconversation.com
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Health and Wellness

“Get Lifted” by John Legend (twentieth Anniversary Edition) [Interview] – Essence

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Photo credit: Danny Clinch

When John Legend unveiled his debut album in 2004, he couldn’t have predicted the extraordinary legacy it could construct over the following 20 years. Now, with the discharge the singer returns to the project that launched his profession and redefined the boundaries of R&B, hip-hop and neo-soul. Available now, the digital Deluxe Edition offers fans a refreshed tackle timeless classics with remixes, rare tracks and collaborations that bring latest energy to the music.

The twentieth Anniversary Edition includes 11 bonus tracks, including remixes from iconic artists equivalent to Tems, Killer Mike, Lil Wayne, Simi and Black Thought. Two previously unreleased songs – “Do What I Gotta Do” and “Just In Time” – offer fans an intimate look into Legend’s creative process during this era. The album’s revival doesn’t end there; will even be available as 3LP vinyl in 2025, and all copies are signed by Legend.

Reflecting on the challenges of making an original album, the award-winning artist recalled the struggles of an aspiring artist trying to search out their sound. “I wrote a lot of this album when I wasn’t signed, so the big challenge was just figuring out what would work to give me a chance to get the music out there,” he explains. . “I’ve been trying to get a record deal for over five years, but record labels were turning me down both left and right.”

It was only when Kanye West took a likelihood on Legend and signed a contract with GOOD Music that all the pieces began to alter. Working with West and touring together opened doors for the University of Pennsylvania graduate. That same yr, he signed a record take care of Columbia and was able to hit the shelves. The album’s breakout single “Ordinary people” became the anthem that defined Legend’s artistry. “When it finally came out and made it work the way it did, especially with my second single, it was really beautiful to see it start to connect and connect with people,” she tells ESSENCE.

On the occasion of the anniversary edition, Legend collaborated with artists who provided a refreshing atmosphere to Legend’s debut – but remixes aren’t just repetitions of original songs. “I’m a fan of every artist we asked to be a part of the remix,” says Legend. “They have new beats, new energy, new vibes and of course new guest artists. It really brought a fresh perspective to music and excited me to reconnect with music.”

was a breakthrough album for the Ohio-born artist, combining multiple genres in a timeless and groundbreaking way. “I felt like it happened when neo-soul was already at its peak, so in a way it was almost like my reaction to neo-soul,” Legend reflects. “We also combine hip hop and gospel and create something fresh.” Legend’s commitment to songwriting is a thread that runs deep through his work then and now.

The physical format of music, especially upcoming vinyl releases, also plays a big role in maintaining the impact of the unique album. “There will always be people who want to hold something, read the sleeve notes, and play vinyl on their record players at home,” Legend states. “Especially when you’re celebrating an anniversary like this, it’s nice to have a commemorative thing that you can keep. This album means something to people because they remember 20 years ago when they started listening to it and what it meant to them then.”

Rekindling the magic of a pioneering debut, it also stands as a testament to Legend’s enduring craftsmanship. The album stays a masterclass in musical storytelling, connecting generations of fans and proving that great music, like great artists, only gets higher with time.

This article was originally published on : www.essence.com
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US communities phase out fluoride use in public drinking water

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fluoride, water


There is a battle raging in American cities over whether to proceed using fluoride in water.

This is a process generally known as fluoridation that began around 1945. According to to the American Cancer Society became popular across the country after scientists noticed that individuals living in water with higher concentrations of fluoride had less tooth decay.

In 1962, the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) advisable adding fluoride to public drinking water supplies to forestall tooth decay. The American Cancer Society estimates that fluoride is currently used in public drinking water supplied to roughly three in 4 Americans.

However, opponents have been warning for years that fluoride in drinking water is unsafe to devour. One of the organizations leading this initiative is Fluoride Action Network (FAN). The organization, whose mission is to lift awareness of what it claims is the “toxicity of fluoride compounds,” says many of the world’s developed countries don’t use fluoride in drinking water at the identical levels as America, or in any respect.

The organization says yes it helped over 500 communities successfully reject fluoridation, and there could also be more.

Federal leaders have gotten increasingly vocal in their support for ending the use of fluoride

While FAN says communities have rejected fluoridation for the past few a long time and the method has stalled in consequence, the fight has been thrust into the highlight over the past few months.

First, the National Toxicology Program, a federal agency throughout the Department of Health and Human Services, reported with “moderate certainty” that there may be an association between communities with higher levels of fluoride exposure and lower IQ in children. According to the Associated Press, these communities use greater than twice the advisable limit.

A month later, a federal judge apparently ordered the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to further regulate fluoride in drinking water because higher levels could affect children.

Robert F. Kennedy, nominated by President-elect Donald Trump to direct the Department of Health and Human Services, announced an end to fluoridation.


This article was originally published on : www.blackenterprise.com
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WATCH: Cynthia Erivo on the importance of being a sister – Essence

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This article was originally published on : www.essence.com
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