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First Nations people are 3 times more likely to die on the road – here’s how to fix Australia’s transport injustice

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Last 12 months, more than 1,200 people died in road crashes across Australia. However, not all Australians face the same risks on our roads.

Government data in five states and territories show significant inequality in road safety.

Data from New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia and the Northern Territory shows that Indigenous people in these areas are about 2.8 times more likely to be killed on a road than non-Indigenous Australians.

One thing we will do to reduce this transportation inequity is to make it easier for First Nations to get a driver’s license. This is not going to only improve road safety. It will bring many other advantages to individuals and communities.

There is a big difference

Between 2012 and 2021, 791 First Nations people died in road traffic crashes. This is a rate of 12.7 per 100,000 First Nations people.

By comparison, the rate amongst non-Indigenous people was 4.6 per 100,000 population.

Among First Nations people, those aged 26-39 are most liable to road deaths, with a rate of 20.9 per 100,000 people. While the risk for those aged 40 and older has been steadily declining since 2016, it has increased in recent times for the 26-39 age group.

Indigenous road traffic fatalities occur mainly in the interior and outer regions of Australia and in distant and really distant areas. For example, of the 76 Indigenous road traffic fatalities in 2021, only 13% occurred in major cities.

There can be a noticeable gender difference in the circumstances of road deaths involving First Nations people. More than 40% of girls’s road deaths occur as passengers in cars, and 23% as pedestrians. However, men are more likely to be drivers, motorcyclists or cyclists.

First Nations people are more likely to be killed on the road, according to a decade of knowledge.
BIT

Driving license is an actual problem

Drivers and not using a driving license are in greater risk death on the road or be involved in serious cases. And one key factor The significant contribution to higher road fatalities amongst First Nations people is Barriers encountered in obtaining a driving license.

Licensing rates amongst First Nations peoples are lower compared with the general population. For example, only 51-77% of First Nations people surveyed in various locations in NSW and SA had a driver’s licence, compared with 83% of the general population.

This disparity is deeply connected with the influence driving license are imposed and implemented.

My research (Masterton) in rural Australia shows what this implies in practice.

What for those who cannot afford a automobile or lessons?

In research to be published, I’m exploring the transport challenges faced by First Nations women in rural Queensland. Through writing, interviews and short surveys, I’m uncovering some common barriers.

Some women have a driver’s license or learner’s permit. Others have expired licenses and are having trouble renewing them. Most, nevertheless, shouldn’t have a license. A big number (with or and not using a license) shouldn’t have access to or cannot afford a working vehicle.

Many women and not using a license still drive out of necessity: to take children to school, to work, or to look after family. Most, nevertheless, rely on walking or getting a ride to get around. Only a small fraction of girls who had each a sound license and a automobile expressed a way of freedom, independence, and increased self-confidence.

During visits to distant communities, it became clear that the Indigenous people who participated in my research didn’t oppose licensing.

Australian L plate
Some women had a driving license while they were learning to drive, or they didn’t have a license but had to take their children to school.
Craig Sutton/Shutterstock

Research also shows that indigenous people I do not have poorer attitudes towards road safety than non-First Nations. However, the licensing process should be culturally appropriate and accessible to encourage participation.

The low licensing rate is due to barriers equivalent to literacy barriers, the complexity of using a system designed for native English speakers, lack of trust in authorities and the high costs related to obtaining a license.

There are challenges in providing appropriate identification documents (equivalent to birth certificates) and finding driving instructors who can work effectively with Indigenous people.

The high cost of driving lessons, difficulty in accessing a licensed driver to supervise practice hours, and the financial burden of unpaid driving fines further complicate the path to obtaining a license.

Solving these problems can have a big impact on improving equity in transport and road safety for First Nations communities.

It’s not nearly transportation

For many Indigenous people, particularly those in distant areas, the ability to travel safely and legally is crucial to access health care, fulfill cultural obligations and take part in the workforce.

So the problem of limited variety of driving licenses in First Nations communities can be serious the problem of social justice which has an impact on the broader health, well-being and autonomy of those communities.

This signifies that barriers to obtaining a license – whether financial, logistical or bureaucratic – deepen existing inequalities. This has a knock-on effect, restricting mobility and reinforcing disadvantageous social and economic conditions.

How can we treatment this?

Solving the licensing gap requires coordinated efforts across multiple sectors, including health, education, transportation and justice.

Community-led programs, financial support, and policy changes could make licensing more accessible.

Were Community Based Pilot Programs geared toward supporting First Nations people in obtaining licenses New South Wales and New York.

The programs provide culturally relevant, community-based licensing support through intensive case management, mentoring, and addressing specific barriers to accessing and navigating the licensing system and obtaining and reinstating licensure. These pilot programs have demonstrated significant potential and effectiveness, indicating that they needs to be scaled and implemented more broadly, with community support.

Licensing can be a matter of fairness. One in 20 Aboriginal people in prison is serving a sentence for driving and not using a driving license and other driving license offences.

So First Nations Courts Other programs geared toward diverting people from prison could also help First Nations people obtain driver’s licenses and limit further contact with the criminal justice system.


This article was originally published on : theconversation.com
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Health and Wellness

ESScent of the week: Purple dreams come true with the latest fragrance from Parfums de Marly – Essence

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Remember when Rihanna he said that her reign just won’t let up? Well, neither will Parfums de Marly — especially with their recent purple reign.

I had been anticipating the release for weeks (like many of us), and after I finally got to smell it, I used to be absolutely blown away—in the very best way. You’d think I’d expect nothing less from one of my favorite area of interest perfume houses, but this scent was truly something special.

You know that feeling when a perfume is only for you? It’s rare, but when it happens, it’s magical. It’s shiny, floral, and absolutely charming — housed in a classy mauve bottle that is as stunning as the scent itself (but let’s be honest, all Parfums de Marly perfumes are masterpieces).

What stands out is the balance of fruit, florals, and a touch of powdery softness. It opens with mandarin and pear (two of my favorite notes) which are immediately uplifting. But once that violet petal shows up? Game over. It’s fresh without being too sweet, and I really like the way it dries all the way down to a smooth, creamy sandalwood finish. It’s a scent that feels each fun and complicated—perfect for a daytime brunch or an evening out.

There is something about Parfums de Marly that keeps them at the top of the area of interest fragrance game they usually prove it once more. Their scents aren’t just well-made; they evoke a mood, a sense, a vibration. They know the best way to create luxury without being over the top, and every of their scents looks like a piece of art. Whether it’s sensual, flirty or opulent, you realize you’re in for something special.

Why I find it irresistible: is a robust fragrance centered around a contemporary floral bouquet with fresh fruity and powdery notes. I really like the way it revolves around the violet petal, enhanced by the unique masculine-turned-feminine lavender. This lightness gives it an unsettling twist unlike the rest in my collection. In addition, the base notes of musk, patchouli and vanilla give a warm, velvety hug that lasts all day. At $375, it’s an investment, but well value it for its luxurious composition and longevity.

It’s not only me who can’t get enough of this scent — beauty lovers and scent connoisseurs all over the place are raving about it . In fact, #FragranceTok OGs like Zoe, Princess of PerfumeAND Karolina Stern have singled it out as a standout addition to Parfums de Marly’s already excellent offering, with some loving how the violet and sandalwood give it an unconventional twist. The purple bottle can be successful, attracting fans who appreciate the combination of elegance and playfulness.

But what really sets them apart is their ability to mix beautifully with other scents. , with a creamy sandalwood base, it begs to be mixed and matched. Which brings me to…

Perfect mixtures: If you like experimenting with scents like I do, you’ll have plenty of room to play with . For extra warmth, try layering it on yourself so as to add a comfortable, woodsy vibe. It enhances the sandalwood and adds extra depth. It’s also an awesome layering partner for floral days. Peony adds a soft, romantic touch to violets.

It’s a flexible fragrance that will be worn day or night. It has presence without being overpowering, and leaves a mark that’s each sophisticated and playful. As at all times, Parfums de Marly offers something special and is solely the latest example of their mastery of fragrance. If you haven’t tried it yet, what are you waiting for?


This article was originally published on : www.essence.com
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Health and Wellness

Many people in the Pacific do not have access to adequate toilets, and climate change is making the situation worse.

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The Pacific Islands may conjure up images of vast coastlines and picturesque landscapes. But while this a part of the world may seem like paradise, many locals face a serious public health problem.

By Pacific Nationsalmost half one million people they live in informal urban settlements that lack adequate sanitation, which can result in limited access to functioning toilets.

This has an impact on health, well-being, education and livelihoods, especially for girlschildren, elderly people and disabled people.

Our recent study published in the journal Nature Pure water NPJWe examined the state of sanitation in several informal urban settlements in two Pacific countries – Fiji and Vanuatu. Our findings show that this is an issue that requires urgent attention.

Field research

We worked with researchers from the University of the South Pacific to survey households and examine sanitation infrastructure. Our team surveyed 393 households in nine informal urban settlements in the capitals of Fiji (Suva) and Vanuatu (Port Vila).

These housing estates are developing when people decide on uninhabited land that has not been planned for development, often due to a scarcity of reasonably priced housing options. Informal urban settlements often lack access to basic services and infrastructure, corresponding to sewage systems, electricity, paved roads and waste collection.

We found that although piped water is available, the majority of households (between 56% and 100% of households in each settlement) still depend on unsafe sanitation to manage human waste. Many use poorly constructed dry pits – for instance, a plinth over a hole in the ground – or cesspools. These toilets have no plumbing and do not use running water for flushing. All are positioned on-site (in or near the home), meaning that waste, treated or untreated, stays in the settlement.

Our team inspected sanitation infrastructure in nearly 400 households in Vanuatu (pictured) and Fiji.
Benny Zuse Rousso

In addition to on a regular basis challenges, we found that one in three households loses access to functioning toilets during heavy rains, cyclones or floods. Dry well systems are 4 to eight times more likely to be damaged during climate events than water systems in the same settlements.

We also found that secure waste management, particularly from septic tanks and pits, poses significant challenges for residents. Even when toilets can be found and functioning properly, there is often no secure and sustainable way to manage waste that accumulates in pits and tanks.

In many cases, sediment is dumped into open areas in the settlement, into local rivers, or seeps into the ground. This can contaminate water sources and create serious environmental and public health hazards.

In addition, we found that cyclones and heavy rains destroy sanitation systems, causing sewage to overflow and contaminating water resources.

Communities in danger

Water reservoir along the houses.
Waste management poses significant challenges.
Benny Zuse Rousso

Melanesian countries, including Vanuatu and Fiji, are particularly vulnerable to serious climatic hazardswhich makes it crucial that the sanitation infrastructure in informal urban settlements is able to withstand these environmental hazards.

Poor sanitary conditions in these areas leads to the spread diseases corresponding to diarrheaintestinal worms and trachoma. Studies show that improving water and sanitation systems significantly reduce the risk child deaths and deaths attributable to diarrhea.

Estimates from the World Health Organization and UNICEF indicate that lower than 3% urban population in Fiji and Vanuatu use unimproved or unsafe sanitation facilities – that is, facilities that do not allow for the secure collection, treatment and disposal of human waste.

This figure contrasts sharply with our finding that the majority of households in informal urban settlements depend on unsafe sanitation conditions. It highlights the need for improved monitoring strategies that distinguish informal settlements from formally planned areas.

How can we solve this problem?

Toilets alone won’t solve the problem. Communities need a comprehensive approach that addresses sanitation management at every stage. This will include creating a whole service chain that ensures reliable waste removal, treatment and disposal, and is resilient to disasters.

This means constructing local expertise, supporting local service providers, ensuring systems are well maintained and promoting community ownership of those systems to ensure long-term sustainability.

Outdoor toilet block, with view of mountain and trees in background.
We found that the majority of households in informal urban settlements profit from unsafe sanitation conditions.
Benny Zuse Rousso

In informal settlements, the provision of those services is rather more difficult than in formal urban areas, mainly due to the uncertain land tenure situation and limited access to adequate infrastructure, which makes the work of service providers difficult.

However, a significant slice of the urban population of the Pacific living in informal settlementsfinding effective ways to safely manage sanitation conditions in these communities is essential.

This sixth sustainable development goal goals to provide clean water and sanitation for all. Addressing the sanitation crisis in the Pacific Islands is about protecting health, restoring dignity, supporting livelihoods and constructing resilience at the household and community level, that are at the frontline of an increasingly uncertain future.

This article was originally published on : theconversation.com
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Health and Wellness

Herrana Addisu’s “River” Refers to Ethiopian Beauty Standards – Essence

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Courtesy of Kendall Bessent

What does visibility seem like? Growing up in Ethiopia, SheaMoisture Grant– Filmmaker and artist Herrana Addisu’s work is devoted to shedding light on women in conflict and wonder standards in her home country. This can also be the case in her latest film, supported by Tina Knowles. “[River is] “It’s a story that I’ve been writing in my head my whole life because it’s the foundation of my life and my livelihood as a child,” Addisu tells ESSENCE.

Herrana Addisu's 'River' Touches Ethiopian Beauty Standards

After winning the Blueprint Grant last August, SheaMoisture has taken on the role of a creative agency Chucha Studio to produce a movie that might bring to life a narrative that the black community could relate to. Focusing on culturally and politically sensitive topics—from access to water and education to ancestral lessons, forced marriages, and wonder standards—Adisu took the funds back to Ethiopia (to work with an area production house Dog Movies) tell her story.

“I wanted the film to have these complicated conversations that we don’t always have in this day and age,” she says. For example, Ethiopian stick-and-poke tattooing (often known as “Niksat”) is a typical tradition that runs through each of her pieces. “Growing up, I always thought it was beautiful,” she says. “But there’s a certain reluctance to do it, because a lot of women don’t feel like they’re consenting to have a permanent tattoo.”

Herrana Addisu's 'River' Touches Ethiopian Beauty Standards

Referencing cultural and traditional views of beauty, she cites spiritual icons of black hair within the church as a central theme. “Our old Bibles and paintings that I grew up seeing are of black angels and they have mini afros,” says Addisu, who placed them on the actors alongside cornrows, scarves and hairdos. “My blackness was so obvious to me that I wanted to show that in the film as well.”

Herrana Addisu's 'River' Touches Ethiopian Beauty Standards

But as an artist, she also embodies the sweetness she captures. After shooting in Ethiopia, Adisu returned to New York to take part in the series alongside .[Photographer] Kendall Bessant I had the concept to test my limits in doing this cone on my head,” she says. “It’s very easy to push those limits to a certain extent once you’re behind the lens after which in front of it.”

Herrana Addisu's 'River' Touches Ethiopian Beauty Standards

In one photo, she props her chin on a jewellery stand, her hair bouffant, and in one other, her curls are in front of a riverscape, alluding to the source of life within the film. “Water flows in the global South, especially in the rivers of Utopia, are very important not only in rural communities but also in urban ones,” she says.

But the river can also be a source of vulnerability for ladies, who’re exposed to violence, kidnapping and trafficking as they carry water. “I thought that was a powerful catalyst that brought the whole aspect of the film together.”

Herrana Addisu's 'River' Touches Ethiopian Beauty Standards


This article was originally published on : www.essence.com
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