We see more big cars on our roads, especially large station wagon vehicles with four- or all-wheel drive, the so-called SUVs or SUVs. For every passenger automotive sold in Australia almost three SUVs were sold.
Vehicles similar to pickup trucks, large trucks, minivans and SUVs often offer greater protection for its residents than smaller cars. This is especially on account of their heavier weight and the way their structures are designed to soak up impacts. For drivers and passengers, this can mean less risk of injury in the event of a multi-vehicle collision.
However, these same characteristics increase the risk for passengers in smaller vehicles, pedestrians and cyclists. The front height of a large vehicle can compromise the passenger compartment of a smaller vehicle, and its greater mass can cause more severe impacts.
Perception of invincibility
Research shows that drivers imagine that larger vehicles are safer. This has a big impact on the decision which automotive to purchase (amongst other aspects similar to prestige and field capabilities).
Perceptions of safety can potentially reduce a driver’s risk aversion, resulting in more dangerous driving behavior, e.g adopting less cautious hand positions on the steering wheel. SUV drivers usually tend to drive with one hand (versus the hand at 10-2 o’clock), which suggests that they feel safer than other automotive drivers.
Impact on collisions
Study with Netherlands found a significant increase in the risk of death for heavier vehicles.
This has also been seen in the United States, where a study showed a rise in vehicle weight of 500 kilograms, which could mean the difference between an SUV and a sedan, correlates with a 70% greater risk of death.
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The Standard adapted to the height of the bumper from 2003 which aimed to scale back the severity of accidents between SUVs/pickups and passenger cars. By equalizing the bumper heights of these vehicles, their bumpers would engage properly during a collision, improving the distribution of crash forces and higher protecting passengers.
But it happened mixed results. It barely reduced the risk of death in side impacts, but was less effective in frontal impacts. This suggests that further safety improvements are needed to effectively address the effects of vehicle-to-vehicle collisions.
The probability the number of SUVs causing fatalities amongst drivers of other cars has decreased from 132% more prone to collide with an SUV in the early Nineties to twenty-eight% more likely in 2016. The likely causes of this decline are the implementation bumper compliant with height standardand enhancements in vehicle design: implementation crumple zonesimproved side-impact protection and advanced safety features similar to electronic stability control.
However, we didn’t see a similar improvement for pickup trucks, suggesting that weight is a possible cause of the increased risk of fatalities.
What about pedestrians and cyclists?
Pedestrians usually tend to be fatally injured in a collision with a large vehicle than a passenger automotive.
The design of these vehicles, especially their higher front end, significantly increases the risk. Just a 10-centimeter increase in front height can make it taller risk of pedestrian death by 22%with impacts more prone to occur at critical injury points similar to the chest or head.
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The research have shown correlation between the increase in sales of larger vehicles similar to SUVs and the increase in pedestrian fatalities in the United States from 2000 to 2019. Kids If the risk of death in an SUV collision is eight times greater in comparison with lighter and smaller cars.
Scientists estimate that replacing larger vehicles with smaller cars in 2019 could prevent approx This yr alone, 460 pedestrians have died in the US.
Computer simulations examined the effects of automotive accidents on the human brain of pedestrians, comparing the effects of being struck by an SUV and a sedan. SUVs exert twice the force on the brain than sedans while traveling at comparable speeds, significantly increasing the risk of serious injury even before direct head contact occurs.
Computer simulations also showed that vehicles with high noses were the cause pedestrians hitting the ground at higher speeds.
Cyclist injuries from SUV accidents They were also found to be rather more severe than those resulting from automotive accidents, with a particular increase in the severity of head injuries in collisions involving SUVs.
This difference in injury severity is attributed to the design of SUVs, which usually tend to cause cyclists to hit the ground or cause injury.
Impact on collisions on the driveway
Large vehicles increase the risk of driveway accidents, especially involving children under five, because their design often limits rear visibility.
Some eight years of study in Utah 495 vehicle and pedestrian injuries were identified, of which 128 occurred on driveways. These crashes disproportionately involved larger vehicles similar to SUVs, trucks and vans on account of their large blind spots.
“Find Thoth” The public awareness campaign and similar initiatives aim to combat these incidents by promoting safety practices similar to visual inspection behind the vehicle before driving away.
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The advent and adoption of technologies similar to reversing cameras and parking sensors have greatly improved visibility, reduction of dead zones by roughly 90%.
Despite these advances, the need for increased driver awareness and precautions stays critical.
Stopping the vehicle arms race
As more drivers select larger vehicles under the guise of personal safety, they might inadvertently endanger the safety of pedestrians and other road users. For every fatal accident someone avoided in a large vehicle, there have been at the very least 4.3 additional fatal accidents engaging others.
Changing the trend towards larger cars requires strong policy and (discouraging) incentives. Currently exists discussion to impose higher taxes and/or registration fees on SUVs and bigger cars, particularly because of their impact on the safety of others.
In some places like Parisheavier vehicles are discouraged by tripling parking rates for cars over a certain weight.
However, given the popularity of large vehicles, such a policy change is not going to be easy.
