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Are private hospitals really in trouble? Is the solution to increase public funding?

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AND battle between private hospitals and private health insurers plays out in society.

The bottom line is how much insurers pay hospitals for his or her services and whether that’s enough for private hospitals to remain profitable.

Concerns about the viability of the private health care system caught the attention of the federal government, which launched the program review to private hospitals which have not yet been made public.

But are private hospitals really in trouble? And if that’s the case, will more public funding be the solution?

Private hospitals vs private health insurers

Many private hospital operators have reported significant pressure since the start of the Covid-19 pandemic, including: staff shortages.

Inflationary pressures have increased the costs of supplies and equipment, raising costs providing hospital care.

Now private hospitals have publicized their difficult contract negotiations with private insurers in an attempt to gain support and help in their case.

Healthscope, which operates 38 for-profit private hospitals in Australia dangerous end contracts with private health insurers.

St Vincent’s, which operates ten private not-for-profit hospitals, announced this might terminate the contract with Nib (certainly one of Australia’s largest for-profit health insurers), but then reached an agreement.

UnitingCare Queensland, which runs 4 private hospitals, announced it might terminate its contract with the Australian Health Service Alliance, which represents greater than 20 small and medium-sized, not-for-profit private health insurers. Since then, each side have been doing in order well I kissed and made up.

Why should we care?

There are three explanation why the profitability of the private health sector affects all of us, whether we’ve got private medical health insurance or use private hospitals.

1. Taxpayers subsidize private health care

Australian taxpayers contributed to private medical health insurance premiums, including: AUD 6.3 billion
(in premium rebates) in 2021-22. Most of them go to private hospitals. Medicare also subsidized fees for medical services provided to private patients in private and public hospitals in the amount of approx $3.81 billion in 2023–24.

But when the going gets tough, the private healthcare sector (each hospitals and health insurers) turns to the government for more information materials.

That’s why we must always worry about value what we’re currently getting from our public investment in the private healthcare system and whether further public investment is justified.

2. The closure of private hospitals may affect public hospitals

Calls for greater government support for private healthcare have long argued that a bigger private hospital sector would help reduce pressure on the public system.

Indeed, this was the justification for the series incentives introduced in the late Nineties to support private medical health insurance in Australia.

However, the extent of this phenomenon is hotly debated. Last evidence shows that higher levels of private medical health insurance lead to only a really small reduction in waiting times in public hospitals.

While it’s possible that the closure of a couple of private hospitals could prompt some patients to seek care in public hospitals, the change might not be that big and won’t increase wait times much.

3. Fewer private beds, but is that a nasty thing?

If unprofitable private hospitals are closed or merged, we expect the total variety of beds in private hospitals to decrease.

Fewer beds in private hospitals doesn’t necessarily mean bad news. In particular, mergers of small private day hospitals could increase their efficiency and reduce costs, which in turn would lower medical health insurance premiums.

We might have fewer private beds. This is due to policies attempting to move health care from hospitals to the community or the use of hospital-at-home programs (in which patients receive hospital-type care at home with the support of visiting medical staff and/or telehealth). ). Private health insurers support each.

The closure of several small private hospitals will mean the market adapts to the lower demand for hospital care. Some of the closures were in maternity wards, but with falling birth ratethis also looks like an appropriate market correction.

Falling birth rates mean less need for maternity wards.
Christinarosepix/Shutterstock

What will we know?

There is all objective data on what is going on in the private hospital sector scarce. This is principally because the Australian Bureau of Statistics suspended the mandatory examination all private hospitals. The most up-to-date data we’ve got is from 2016–2017.

Health insurers are the largest payer of private hospitals and subsequently have considerable bargaining power. In 2016–17, almost 80% Private hospitals’ revenues got here from private health insurers. Health insurers are also increasingly becoming “active” purchasers of health care – they don’t just passively pay insurance claims, but want to strike a great cope with private hospitals in order that their members can keep premiums (and costs) low and profits high.

Hospital reports close ignore hospitals which can be open at the same time. However, as of 2016–2017, there isn’t any publicly available data on the total variety of private hospitals in Australia or changes over time.

The latest data we’re talking about half All hospitals in Australia are private hospitals, including: 62% are for-profit and the rest are run by non-profit organizations (reminiscent of St Vincent’s).

The predominant for-profit providers are Ramsay Health Care and Healthscope. They each operate overseas and have been there troubles before the Covid pandemic.

Fast forward to 2024 and up to date contract negotiation problems suggest that the financial health of private for-profit hospitals may not have improved. This may subsequently reflect a long-term problem with the sustainability of the private hospital sector.

What are the options?

The private healthcare system already receives large public subsidies. So the crux of the current debate is whether or not the government should intervene to support the private sector. Here are some options:

  • do nothing and let it play out Closing and merging private hospitals could also be a great solution if smaller hospitals and wards are not any longer needed and patients produce other alternatives

  • introduce more regulations Negotiations between small private hospital groups and really large, dominant private health insurers might not be effective. If insurers have significant market power, they’ll force small private hospital groups into submission. Some private hospital groups could also be negotiating with many various health insurers at the same time, which may be expensive. Regulating exactly how these negotiations are conducted could increase the efficiency of the process and create a more level playing field

  • change the way private hospitals are paid Public hospitals receive essentially the same national price for every procedure they perform. This provides incentives for efficiency because the price is fixed, so if costs are lower than price, they’ll generate a surplus. Private hospitals may be financed in this fashion, which could eliminate much of the cost of contract negotiations with private hospitals. Instead, private hospitals could deal with other issues, reminiscent of the number and quality of procedures and the provision of high-quality health care.

Patients waiting in a modern, spacious waiting room of a hospital or clinic
How can we help private hospitals turn into more efficient? Price regulation and contract negotiations are the starting.
Kitreel/Shutterstock

What’s next?

A revisit of price regulation and contract negotiations between private hospitals and private health insurers could potentially help the private hospital sector turn into more efficient.

Private health insurers are rightly trying to encourage such efficiency, but the tools at their disposal to achieve this through contract negotiations are quite blunt.

While waiting for the results of the review of the private hospital sector, the most significant thing is value for money for taxpayers. We all subsidize the private hospital sector.

This article was originally published on : theconversation.com
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Health and Wellness

Willow Smith’s debut collection with Moncler is now available – Essence

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Moncler

Willow Smith’s debut collection with Moncler has been launched. The capsule is a mixture of the inside of a musician, actress, writer and creator. In it, a futuristic and unbelievable world is explored through clothes. Smith’s personal style was also showcased. The lineup was originally revealed in Shanghai.

Willow Smith's debut collection with Moncler is now available
Moncler

“Minimalism and utilitarianism. Femininity and masculinity. Black and white. “Putting ideas together in an elegant way is something that really excites me and I wanted to explore that with this collection,” Willow shared.

“Willow’s magnetic energy is captured in a series of images exploring the primary themes of the collection: clashing contrasts, rebirth and renewal, yin and yang, recent beginnings – inspired by Moncler’s mountain origins and love of nature. “Willow’s creativity influences every aspect of the videos and photos accompanying the collection: she not only drives the concept, but also models her designs, narrates the short film and provides the soundtrack,” the brand said in a press release. The launch is accompanied by black and white campaign photos – the dramatization of those photos ushers in an exciting era for Smith.

Willow Smith's debut collection with Moncler is now available
Moncler

The collection is dominated by knitwear perfect for layering, a down jacket and heavy sweatshirts created in shrunken proportions. The capsule is accomplished with extensive outerwear options and a brief-sleeved T-shirt with silver eyelet. The T-shirt is also available in an extended-sleeved version. The collection includes cream and black shades. The down vest with a hood and a brief cut stands out.

Salix leather boots are characterised by an interesting design. In addition to nodding to punk influences, this footwear option is designed with a Moncler logo on the toe, elastic panels on the front and a rubber sole.

Willow Smith's debut collection with Moncler is now available
Moncler

“I am incredibly passionate about the outdoors and exploring this wonderful land. I imagine these pieces can easily transition from overnight camping to fashionable evening wear,” Willow added, emphasizing the natural duality of the collection.

Moncler X Willow Smith is currently available in chosen Moncler stores and more moncler.com .

This article was originally published on : www.essence.com
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Health and Wellness

Women are less likely to undergo cardiopulmonary resuscitation than men. Training on breast mannequins could be helpful

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If someone’s heart suddenly stops beating, this may increasingly have happened minutes of life. Performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation may increase their probabilities of survival. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation keeps blood pumping, delivering oxygen to the brain and vital organs until specialized treatment arrives.

However, research shows that bystanders are less likely to intervene to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation if the person is a girl. AND latest Australian study analyzed 4,491 cardiac arrest cases between 2017 and 2019 and located that bystanders were more likely to perform CPR on men (74%) than on women (65%).

Could this be partly because CPR training mannequins (so-called dummies) shouldn’t have breasts? Our recent research we checked out mannequins available all over the world to train people to perform CPR and located that 95% of them were flat-chested.

Anatomically, breasts don’t change the cardiopulmonary resuscitation technique. However, they’ll influence whether people try to accomplish that – and hesitation at these key moments could mean the difference between life and death.

Differences in heart health

Cardiovascular diseases – including heart disease, stroke and cardiac arrest – are probably the most common diseases important reason behind death for ladies all over the world.

But if a girl goes into cardiac arrest outside the hospital (meaning her heart stops pumping air properly), that is actually what happens. 10% less likely receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation than a person. Women too less likely survive cardiopulmonary resuscitation and are at greater risk of brain damage following cardiac arrest.

Bystanders are less likely to intervene if a girl needs cardiopulmonary resuscitation compared to a person.
Doublelee/Shutterstock

These are just among the many health inequalities experienced by women, in addition to transgender and non-binary people. Compared to men, their symptoms they are more likely to be rejected or misdiagnosed, or it could take longer to receive a diagnosis.

Reluctance of the witness

There can also be growth evidence women are less likely to start cardiopulmonary resuscitation compared to men.

This may be partly due to the concerns of those being accused of sexual harassmentworry may cause damage (in some cases based on the assumption that ladies are more “fragile”) and discomfort related to touching women’s breasts.

Bystanders may also get into trouble recognition the lady has a cardiac arrest.

Even in simulated scenarios, researchers found that interveners were less likely to remove women’s clothing prepare for resuscitationcompared to men. And there have been women less likely to receive Cardiopulmonary resuscitation or defibrillation (an electrical charge to restart the center) – even when the training was in the shape of a web based game that didn’t require touching anyone.

There is evidence of how people behave in resuscitation training scenarios reflects what they do in real emergency situations. This means it is amazingly vital to train people to recognize cardiac arrest and prepare for intervention, no matter gender or body type.

Attached to men’s bodies

Very Cardiopulmonary resuscitation training resources depict male bodies or don’t specify gender. If bodies shouldn’t have breasts, it’s a male default.

For example, the 12 months 2022 test taking a look at CPR training in North, Central, and South America, it was found that nearly all of available mannequins were white (88%), male (94%), and slim (99%).

The woman's hands press the torso of a mannequin wearing a blue jacket.
It is amazingly rare for a mannequin to have breasts or a bigger body.
M Isolation photo/Shutterstock

This research reflects what we see in our work once we train other healthcare professionals to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We noticed that every one the mannequins available for training are flat chested. One of us (Rebecca) had difficulty finding training mannequins with breasts.

Single mannequin with breasts

Our recent research we checked what cardiopulmonary resuscitation mannequins are available and the way diverse they are. In 2023, we identified 20 cardiopulmonary resuscitation mannequins in the worldwide market. Mannequins are often torsos with no head and without arms.

Of the 20 available, five (25%) were sold as “female”, but only considered one of them had breasts. This implies that 95% of obtainable CPR training mannequins were flat-chested.

We also checked out other diversity characteristics, including skin tone and bigger bodies. We found that 65% had more than one skin tone available, but just one had a bigger body. Further research is required on the impact of those elements on bystanders when performing CPR.

Breasts don’t change cardiopulmonary resuscitation technique

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation technique doesn’t change when someone has breasts. The barriers are cultural. And although you could feel uncomfortable, starting cardiopulmonary resuscitation as soon as possible can save your life.

Signs that somebody may have cardiopulmonary resuscitation include not respiration properly or completely or not responding to you.

Perform effective cardiopulmonary resuscitationit’s best to:

  • place the heel of your hand in the middle of your chest

  • place your second hand on top of the primary and interlace your fingers (keep your arms straight)

  • press firmly to a depth of about 5 cm before releasing

  • press your chest with a frequency of 100-120 beats per minute (you may sing a song) in your head to show you how to keep time!)

An example of performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation – using a flat-chest manikin.

What a couple of defibrillator?

You haven’t got to remove someone’s bra to perform CPR. But you could need to accomplish that if a defibrillator is required.

AND defibrillator is a tool that uses an electrical charge to restart the center. An underwired bra may cause minor skin burns when the debrillator pads apply an electrical charge. However, in case you cannot take your bra off, don’t let it delay your care.

What should change?

Our research highlights the necessity for a big selection of breast CPR training mannequins, in addition to a wide range of body sizes.

Training resources need to higher prepare people to intervene and perform CPR on individuals with breasts. We also need greater education on the chance of developing and dying from heart disease in women.

This article was originally published on : theconversation.com
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Health and Wellness

Ant stings can be painful. Here’s how to avoid getting stung this summer (and what to do if it happens)

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The starting of summer is just a couple of days away, and plenty of of us will be looking forward to long, sunny days spent on the beach, by the pool, camping or having a picnic within the park.

Insects love summer too. Most of them right then grow and feed. However, this shared appreciation of the season can sometimes lead to conflict.

Insects have long been preyed upon by many species, including birds, mammals, amphibians, and other insects. Accordingly, quite a lot of defense mechanisms have evolved – perhaps none more familiar to humans than the sting.

Many ants have a stinger on their rear end which they use to deliver venom. It will not be the sting itself that causes pain, but relatively venom. Ant venom accommodates a mix of various chemicals, a few of which have evolved specifically to manipulate the nerve endings in our skin to cause pain.

Let’s take a have a look at the several ant stings chances are you’ll experience this summer in Australia and how to respond.

Bull ants

Bull ants (also often called bulldog ants, jumper ants, or jumper ants) are large for an ant. Some species can grow to length 4 centimeters. They are easily identified by their large eyes, long mandibles (jaws), and aggressive nature.

Their sting is immediate, hot, sharp and unambiguous, similar to that of a honey bee. The intense pain will only last a couple of minutes before being replaced by redness and swelling across the sting site.

There are many differing kinds of bull ants in Australia.
Sam Robinson

Green-headed ants

Green-headed ants are also called green ants (but not to be confused with green ants). green tree ants northern Australia, which do not sting). Green-headed ants are common and love our lawns.

About Length 6 millimetersthey’re much smaller than bull ants. They can be recognized by their shiny green-purple exoskeleton.

Green-headed ants are frequently less aggressive than bull ants, but they can still deliver a big sting. The pain from a green ant sting can construct up step by step and cause intense, sticky pain.

Green-headed ant.
Green-headed ants can be identified by their color.
Sam Robinson

Fire ants

Fire ants (or imported red fire ants) are native to South America. They were detected first in Brisbane in 2001it probably moved in containers and has since spread across south-east Queensland.

Fire ants are reddish brown and black and range in size from Length 2–6 millimeters.

You will almost certainly encounter fire ants of their nests, which appear like a pile of loose dirt. A hearth ant nest has no obvious entrance, which is way to distinguish it from other similar ant nests.

Disturbing a hearth ant nest will awaken an offended mass of a whole bunch of ants and expose you to being stung.

The initial pain from a single sting seems like an intense, hot itch, although it can be controlled. However, fire ant stings rarely occur in the only digits. One ant can sting multiple times, and plenty of ants can sting one person, which can lead to a whole bunch of stings. A hearth ant sting can cause pus-filled ulcers and scarring in the next days.

If you reside in an area where fire ants are present, it’s price taking a couple of minutes to learn how to do this recognize and report their.

Electric ants

Electric ants is one other nasty random import, coming from Central and South America. Currently limited to Cairns and surroundingsthese are tiny (1.5 millimeters long) yellow ants.

Like fire ants, these ants are frequently defensive, so lots of them will sting without delay. Their sting is more painful than you’ll expect from such a tiny creature. I compare it to being showered with red, hot sparks.

If you think that you see electric ants, please report it Biosecurity in Queensland.

Australian ants should not the worst

You may be surprised to hear that Australian ants don’t even make it to the rostrum when it comes to essentially the most painful ant stings. The winners include: harvester ants (North and South America), which cause severe, sticky pain, comparable to a drill slowly rotating in a muscle – for up to 12 hours.

The gold medal goes to the sting of the South and Central American bullet ant, which has been described How:

Pure, intense, sensible pain. It’s like walking on burning charcoal with a 3-inch nail stuck in your heel.

How to avoid getting stung (and what to do if you do)

Fortunately, the answer is frequently quite simple. Look around before you sit on the bottom or unfolded a picnic blanket, avoiding places where you see ant nests or a lot of foraging ants.

The selection of footwear might also be necessary. In my experience, most stings occur on the feet of those wearing thongs.

If you get stung, generally the situation will improve by itself. The pain often subsides after a couple of minutes (sometimes slightly longer within the case of a green ant sting). The redness, swelling and itching that sometimes follows may last for several days.

In the meantime, if mandatory, ice pack it will help with the pain. If it’s particularly bad, a topical numbing cream containing lidocaine may provide temporary relief. You can get it over-the-counter at a pharmacy.

A small proportion of individuals may experience an allergic response to ant stings. In very severe cases this may include respiratory problems or ingestion. If you or a loved one experiences these symptoms after an ant sting, you need to seek urgent medical attention.

This article was originally published on : theconversation.com
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