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Cops start using AI chatbots to write crime reports, despite concerns about racial bias in AI technology

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OKLAHOMA CITY (AP) — A body camera captured every word and bark uttered by police Sergeant Matt Gilmore and his K-9 dog, Gunner, as they looked for a bunch of suspects for nearly an hour.

Normally, the Oklahoma City police sergeant would grab his laptop and spend the subsequent 30 to 45 minutes writing a search report. But this time, he tasked the AI ​​with writing the primary draft.

Using all of the sounds and radio communications picked up by a microphone attached to Gilbert’s body camera, the AI-powered tool produced a report in eight seconds.

“It was a better report than I could have written, and it was 100 percent accurate. It flowed smoothly,” Gilbert said. He even documented something he didn’t remember hearing — one other officer mentioning the colour of the automotive the suspects fled from.

The Oklahoma City Police Department is one in every of a handful experimenting with AI chatbots to create early drafts of incident reports. Officers who’ve tried the technology rave about the time it saves, while some prosecutors, cops and lawyers have concerns about the way it could change a fundamental document in the criminal justice system that plays a task in who gets prosecuted or jailed.

Built on the identical technology as ChatGPT and sold by Axon, best known for developing the Taser and as a number one U.S. supplier of body-worn cameras, it could prove to be what Gilbert describes as the subsequent “game-changer” in policing.

“They become police officers because they want to do police work, and spending half their day doing data entry is just a tedious part of the job that they hate,” said Axon founder and CEO Rick Smith, describing the brand new AI product — called Draft One — as having the “most positive response” of any product the corporate has launched.

“There are certainly some concerns now,” Smith added. In particular, he said, district attorneys handling criminal cases want to be sure that officers — not only an AI chat bot — are liable for writing reports, since they might have to testify in court about what they witnessed.

“They never want a police officer to stand up and say, ‘AI wrote that, I didn’t write that,’” Smith said.

AI technology will not be latest to police agencies, which have adopted algorithmic tools to read license plates, recognize suspects’ faces, detect the sounds of gunfire and predict where crimes might occur. Many of those applications are tied to privacy and civil rights concerns and attempts by lawmakers to establish safeguards. But the introduction of AI-generated police reports is so latest that there are few, if any, guardrails guiding their use.

Concerns about racial bias and stereotypes in society that might be woven into AI technology are only a few of the things Oklahoma City social activist Aurelius Francisco finds “deeply disturbing” about the brand new tool, which he learned about from the Associated Press.

“The fact that this technology is being used by the same company that supplies the department with Tasers is alarming enough,” said Francisco, co-founder of the Oklahoma City-based Foundation for the Liberation of Minds.

He said automating these reports “will make it easier for police to harass, surveil and inflict violence on members of the community. While that makes the job of a police officer easier, it makes the lives of black and brown people harder.”

Before the tool was tested in Oklahoma City, cops showed it to local prosecutors, who urged caution before using it in high-stakes criminal cases. For now, it’s getting used just for minor incidents that don’t result in an arrest.

“So no arrests, no crimes, no violent crimes,” said Oklahoma City Police Capt. Jason Bussert, who oversees information technology for the 1,170-officer department.

That’s not the case in one other city, Lafayette, Indiana, where Police Chief Scott Galloway told the AP that each one of his officers can use Draft One on any variety of case and that this system has been “extremely popular” because it began piloting earlier this yr.

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Or in Fort Collins, Colorado, where Sergeant Robert Younger said officers be happy to apply it to any variety of report, although they found it didn’t work well on patrols in the downtown bar district due to “overwhelming noise.”

In addition to using AI to analyze and summarize the audio recording, Axon experimented with computer vision to summarize what was “seen” in the video recording before quickly realizing the technology wasn’t ready yet.

“Given all the issues around policing, race and other identities of people involved, I think we’re going to have to do a fair amount of work before we can make that a reality,” said Smith, Axon’s CEO, describing a few of the responses tested as not “overtly racist” but otherwise insensitive.

Those experiments led Axon to focus totally on sound in the product it unveiled in April at the corporate’s annual conference for law enforcement officers.

The technology is predicated on the identical generative AI model that powers ChatGPT, created by San Francisco-based OpenAI. OpenAI is an in depth business partner of Microsoft, cloud services provider Axon.

“We use the same underlying technology as ChatGPT, but we have access to more knobs and controls than an actual ChatGPT user would have,” said Noah Spitzer-Williams, who leads Axon’s AI products. Turning off the “creativity knob” helps the model stick to the facts, so it “doesn’t embellish or hallucinate in the same way that you might find if you were just using ChatGPT,” he said.

Axon declined to say what number of police departments are using the technology. It’s not the one vendor, with startups like Policereports.ai and Truleo offering similar products. But given Axon’s deep relationships with the police departments that buy its Tasers and body cameras, experts and law enforcement officials expect AI-generated reports to develop into more common in the approaching months and years.

Before that happens, lawyer Andrew Ferguson would love to see more public discussion about the advantages and potential harms. For one, the massive language models behind AI chatbots are prone to creating false information, an issue often called hallucination, which may add convincing and hard-to-spot falsehoods to a police report.

“I worry that automation and the ease of technology will make police officers less cautious about what they write,” said Ferguson, a law professor at American University who’s working on what is anticipated to be the primary law journal article on the brand new technology.

Ferguson said the police report is very important in determining whether an officer’s suspicions “justify someone losing their liberty.” Sometimes, it’s the one testimony a judge sees, especially in misdemeanor crimes.

Ferguson said human police reports even have their flaws, however it stays an open query which one is more reliable.

For some officers who’ve tried it, it has already modified the way in which they respond to a reported crime. They talk about what is going on, so the camera higher captures what they need to record.

Bussert expects that as technology improves, officers will develop into “more and more verbose” in describing what they’ve in front of them.

After Bussert loaded the traffic stop footage into the system and pressed a button, this system generated a narrative report, written in conversational language, with dates and times—similar to a police officer would, typing them in from his notes—all based on the audio from the body camera.

“It was literally a few seconds,” Gilmore said, “and it got to the point where I thought, ‘I don’t have anything to change anymore.’”

At the top of the report, the officer must check a box indicating that the report was generated using artificial intelligence.

This article was originally published on : thegrio.com
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Crime

Fired Florida sheriff’s deputy released on bail after fatally shooting black airman

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FORT WALTON BEACH, Fla. (AP) — A judge on Thursday allowed bail to be granted for a Florida sheriff’s deputy who was fired and charged with murder after he shot and killed a senior U.S. Air Force soldier within the doorway of a Black man’s apartment.

Former Okaloosa County Sheriff’s Deputy Eddie Duran, 38, could resist 30 years in prison if convicted of murder with a firearm, a rare charge against a Florida law enforcement officer. Duran’s body camera recorded him shooting Roger Fortson, 23, on May 3, just after Fortson opened the door with the gun pointed at the ground.

Judge Terrance R. Ketchel set bail at $100,000 and said Duran cannot possess a firearm or leave the premises, though he is not going to be required to wear a GPS tracker. He was released from jail shortly after Thursday’s hearing, jail records show.

Duran’s arrest warrant was issued Thursday, pending a detention hearing, despite arguments from his attorney Rodney Smith that there was no probable cause to arrest him.

“He spent his entire life … his entire career and military career trying to save people, help people,” Smith said at Thursday’s hearing. “He is not a threat to the community.”

Prosecutor Mark Alderman said “this is a case where we all know what happened.”

“We all saw what happened,” he said. “It’s just a matter of interpretation. We all saw that Mr. Duran killed Roger Fortson. It’s obvious that’s a very serious charge.”

Duran had been homeschooling his six children in recent months while he was unemployed and his wife worked full time, Smith said. Duran sat quietly within the courtroom Thursday, wearing a pink striped prison jumpsuit and glasses. He conferred along with his lawyers and the occasional clang of metal handcuffs might be heard.

The Okaloosa County Sheriff’s Office initially said Duran fired in self-defense after being confronted by a person with a gun, but Sheriff Eric Aden fired back on May 31 after an internal investigation found his life was not in peril when he opened fire. Outside law enforcement experts have also said an officer can’t shoot simply because a possible suspect is holding a gun if there isn’t a threat.

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Duran was responding to a report of a physical fight at an apartment in a Fort Walton Beach complex. An worker identified Fortson’s apartment as the situation, based on sheriff’s investigators. Fortson was alone in his apartment on the time, talking to his girlfriend on a FaceTime video call. Duran’s body camera footage showed what happened next.

After knocking repeatedly, Fortson opened the door. Authorities say Duran shot him multiple times before telling Fortson to place the gun down.

Duran told investigators he saw aggression in Fortson’s eyes and shot because “I’m standing there thinking I’m about to get shot, I’m about to die.”

In a press release after Thursday’s hearing, Smith said the deputy’s actions “were reasonable and appropriate given the information he was provided regarding the nature and urgency of what he deemed to be a potentially dangerous domestic situation.”

In a press release, he described Fortson as “an individual who armed himself before he simply responded to what may have been nothing more than a routine attempt by law enforcement to prevent a domestic violence situation from escalating.”

At Thursday’s hearing, Smith said his team had cooperated with authorities, saying “we turned him in. He’s not going anywhere.”

Smith confirmed there was video evidence of the shooting and that the case was within the national interest.

“We know we have defenses that we intend to use … qualified immunity, defending our position with respect to law enforcement,” Smith said.

The fatal shooting of the Georgia airman was only one in a growing list of black people being killed by law enforcement officers in their very own homes, and it has also renewed debate over Florida’s “Stand and Fight” law. Hundreds of Air Force blues joined Fortson’s family, friends and others at his funeral.

This article was originally published on : thegrio.com
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Texas man exonerated after spending nearly 34 years in prison for wrongful conviction

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A wrongly convicted Texas man who spent 34 years in prison for a Eighties murder was acquitted Thursday, saying that while he couldn’t get back the years he lost, he’s glad and moving forward.

“I’m excited this day has finally come,” said Benjamin Spencer, 59.

A Dallas County judge granted the district attorney’s office’s request to dismiss aggravated robbery charge against Spencer, who was originally convicted in 1987 of murder in reference to the carjacking and death of Jeffrey Young.

“It’s a good day,” said defense attorney Cheryl Wattley, who has worked on Spencer’s case for greater than 20 years. “I’m trying not to cry.”

Wattley praised Dallas County District Attorney John Creuzot for taking a serious take a look at evidence that had been discredited in the case.

Creuzot said he felt “relieved and humbled to be able to help correct this injustice.”

Prosecution witnesses, including a jailhouse informant who had sought a lenient sentence, gave false testimony, Creuzot said. He added that prosecutors on the time also failed to supply the defense with evidence that may have excluded Spencer from the crime, including fingerprints.

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Spencer, who maintained his innocence, later saw his 1987 conviction overturned. However, he was retried and sentenced to life in prison for the aggravated robbery of Young.

He was released on bail in 2021 after the district attorney’s office found that his constitutional rights had been violated and that he had not received a good trial because of false witness statements and the concealment of evidence.

Earlier this 12 months, the Texas Court of Criminal (*34*) overturned his conviction and sent the case back to Dallas County.

Assistant District Attorney Cynthia Garza, who heads the Conviction Integrity Unit, said: “There is no credible or physical evidence that he was in any way involved in this crime.”

Spencer is one in every of 60 individuals with the longest convictions to be found innocent, in line with the National Registry of Exonerations.

Under Texas law, he’s entitled to a lump sum of as much as $80,000 for annually of imprisonment, plus a pension, Wattley said.

Wattley said Spencer tries to live honorably and “strives to be an example that others can be inspired by.”

This article was originally published on : thegrio.com
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Authorities arrest former sheriff’s deputy who fatally shot black airman in his home

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A former Florida sheriff’s deputy accused of killing a black U.S. Air Force soldier who opened the door to his apartment while holding a gun pointed at the bottom was arrested Monday, officials said.

Former Okaloosa County Sheriff’s Deputy Eddie Duran, 38, has been charged with murder with a firearm in the May 3 shooting death of 23-year-old Roger Fortson, Assistant State’s Attorney Greg Marcille said Friday. The charge is a first-degree felony punishable by as much as 30 years in prison.

Duran was arrested Monday on the county jail, records show. Marcille confirmed his arrest to The Associated Press.

“He did turn himself in,” Marcille said in a telephone interview, adding that Duran’s first court appearance might be via video link Tuesday morning. “He will be held in custody pending his first appearance.”

A lawyer representing Duran didn’t immediately reply to an email in search of comment.

Authorities say Duran was dispatched to Fortson’s Fort Walton Beach apartment in response to a domestic disturbance report that turned out to be false.

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After knocking repeatedly, Fortson opened the door with the gun at his side, pointed down. Authorities say Duran shot him multiple times before telling Fortson to place the gun down.

On Friday, the day he was charged, candles and framed photos of Fortson in uniform were placed on the door of the apartment where he was murdered.

According to an internal affairs report into the shooting, Duran told investigators that when Fortson opened the door, he saw aggression in the airman’s eyes. He said he fired because “I’m standing there thinking I’m about to get shot, I’m about to die.”

Okaloosa Sheriff Eric Aden fired Duran on May 31 after an internal investigation found his life was not in danger when he opened fire. Outside law enforcement experts also said an officer cannot shoot simply because a possible suspect is holding a gun if there is no such thing as a threat.

Duran is a law enforcement veteran who began as a military police officer in the Army. He joined the Okaloosa County Sheriff’s Office in July 2019 but resigned two years later, saying his wife, a nurse, had been transferred to a naval hospital outside the realm. He returned to the sheriff’s office in June 2023.

Okaloosa personnel records show he was reprimanded in 2021 for failing to finish a task of confirming the addresses of three registered sex offenders by visiting their homes and telling a classmate he didn’t care. Then assigned to a highschool as an on-campus substitute, he was also reprimanded for leaving school before the ultimate bell rang and students were released. Florida law requires an armed guard to be on campus during classes.

911 call records show officers had never been called to Fortson’s apartment before, but they’d been called to a close-by residence 10 times in the past eight months, including once for a domestic disturbance.

This article was originally published on : thegrio.com
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