Technology
Apple’s iPhone is not a monopoly like Windows was a monopoly

The U.S. Department of Justice and attorneys general from 16 states and the District of Columbia sued Apple this morning in federal court for violating antitrust laws. The lawsuit alleged that the corporate has a monopoly within the premium smartphone market and uses a number of illegal tactics to perpetuate this monopoly.
Leaving aside the main points of this tactic and its legality (should you’re interested, you possibly can read all the lawsuit here) the case has many similarities to the Justice Department’s antitrust lawsuit against Microsoft from the Nineteen Nineties, which I wrote about on the web site Microsoft Tips from 2000 to 2010. Even Attorney General Merrick Garland noted these similarities, saying: “The landmark Microsoft case found the monopolist liable under antitrust laws for using its market power to undermine technologies that would make it easier for users to choose a different computer operating system.” Today’s grievance alleges that Apple used lots of the same tactics that Microsoft used.
However, there is one fundamental difference between these cases: Microsoft had a clear monopoly within the relevant marketplace for PC operating systems. Apple’s monopoly position is not so clear.
Having a monopoly is not illegal, Garland noted at her news conference. However, it is illegal to make use of certain tactics to perpetuate or maintain this monopoly – but to prove this, it have to be proven that the defendant has sufficient market power to exclude competitors from the market.
Microsoft Windows had well over 90% of the relevant market share for notebook computer operating systems. In fact, it was so dominant within the pre-smartphone era Goldman Sachs estimates In 2000, Microsoft operating systems were reportedly installed on 97% of all computing devices.
Although the actual end result of the Microsoft antitrust case might be described as a mixed victory for the Justice Department, with lots of the penalties – including dissolving Microsoft into two corporations – being thrown out on appeal, the factual findings on this case clearly established that Microsoft had monopoly power. This paved the way in which for a series of personal lawsuits, which Microsoft has mostly ended.
Looking purely numerically, Apple’s market share is much lower.
In its lawsuit, the Justice Department argues that Apple has greater than 70% of the U.S. smartphone market, if revenue is counted. This is different than measuring by units shipped – based on statistics from the last quarter of 2023, Apple’s share is closer to 64% counterpoint research, well ahead of second-place Samsung with 18%. But the Justice Department argues that there are other indicators that support the iPhone’s dominance, corresponding to the undeniable fact that most young users select iPhones over Samsung phones running Google’s Android operating system. Households with higher demographics are also keen to decide on the iPhone.
The government also argues that the United States is an appropriate market, amongst other things, because most consumers buy smartphones through carriers and since potential latest market entrants must comply with U.S. telecommunications regulations, amongst other things. This argument is essential because Apple’s market share worldwide is much lower (only 23%, with Samsung second with 16%). In first place is the “Other” item, which mainly includes low-cost Android phones. It is clearly still a fragmented global market, which actually changes the competitive dynamics – developers have a significant incentive to create applications for Android, for instance. Contrast this with Microsoft’s market dominance, which was global – there was almost no real alternative on the time.
A key section within the Justice Department case begins on page 66, titled “Apple Has Monopoly Power in the Smartphone and Performance Smartphone Market.” The argument comes all the way down to barriers to entry.
First, the Justice Department argues that the majority people have already got a smartphone and are purchasing a latest one, and since most of those users have already got an iPhone, they usually tend to select one other iPhone. The Justice Department says Apple has introduced many artificial barriers to vary, corresponding to the difference between blue and green messaging bubbles for iPhone and Android phone users and allegedly limiting the functionality of third-party cross-platform video apps, somewhat than directing people to FaceTime. which only works on Apple products. If users change, they’ll incur costs and difficulties corresponding to learning a latest interface, purchasing latest applications, transferring data, etc.
Second, the DOJ cites a whole list of technical barriers to entry, corresponding to ordering expensive components, designing sophisticated hardware and software, securing distribution agreements, etc. There is also a variety of circumstantial evidence, corresponding to Apple’s huge and sustained profit margins on iPhone sales.
These arguments may prove convincing to the judge presiding over the case. However, on the subject of barriers to entry, Apple could argue that product differentiation and integration is not the identical as foreclosing competitors. A totally integrated platform with built-in apps for specific features corresponding to web browsing and video conferencing is easy and convenient, and customers select and proceed to decide on it because they like it, not because they’d like to modify to Android and are blocked by artificial barriers.
In the second case, Apple could point to the big investments it has made during the last 15 years in constructing these supply chains and relationships with carriers and developers, and rightly ask why it ought to be penalized now for doing the mandatory work to construct a lead.
This is often the case in antitrust cases within the tech world. An innovator rises to the highest through a combination of exertions, luck, and difficult business tactics. They construct an undeniable advantage largely because of network effects. Competitors complain. Governments are intervening. A dominant player stays in business long enough that latest competitors find a technique to enter the market – much as Apple and Google did against Microsoft within the 2000s, when their smartphone operating systems made desktop computers and Windows less essential.
And then the cycle starts again.
Technology
The latest model AI Google Gemma can work on phones

It grows “open” AI Google, Gemma, grows.
While Google I/O 2025 On Tuesday, Google removed Gemma 3N compresses, a model designed for “liquid” on phones, laptops and tablets. According to Google, available in a preview starting on Tuesday, Gemma 3N can support sound, text, paintings and flicks.
Models efficient enough to operate in offline mode and without the necessity to calculate within the cloud have gained popularity within the AI community lately. They will not be only cheaper to make use of than large models, but they keep privacy, eliminating the necessity to send data to a distant data center.
During the speech to I/O product manager, Gemma Gus Martins said that GEMMA 3N can work on devices with lower than 2 GB of RAM. “Gemma 3N shares the same architecture as Gemini Nano, and is also designed for incredible performance,” he added.
In addition to Gemma 3N, Google releases Medgemma through the AI developer foundation program. According to Medgemma, it’s essentially the most talented model to research text and health -related images.
“Medgemma (IS) OUR (…) A collection of open models to understand the text and multimodal image (health),” said Martins. “Medgemma works great in various imaging and text applications, thanks to which developers (…) could adapt the models to their own health applications.”
Also on the horizon there may be SignGEMMA, an open model for signaling sign language right into a spoken language. Google claims that Signgemma will allow programmers to create recent applications and integration for users of deaf and hard.
“SIGNGEMMA is a new family of models trained to translate sign language into a spoken text, but preferably in the American sign and English,” said Martins. “This is the most talented model of understanding sign language in history and we are looking forward to you-programmers, deaf and hard communities-to take this base and build with it.”
It is value noting that Gemma has been criticized for non -standard, non -standard license conditions, which in accordance with some developers adopted models with a dangerous proposal. However, this didn’t discourage programmers from downloading Gemma models tens of tens of millions of times.
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(Tagstransate) gemma
Technology
Trump to sign a criminalizing account of porn revenge and clear deep cabinets

President Donald Trump is predicted to sign the act on Take It Down, a bilateral law that introduces more severe punishments for distributing clear images, including deep wardrobes and pornography of revenge.
The Act criminalizes the publication of such photos, regardless of whether or not they are authentic or generated AI. Whoever publishes photos or videos can face penalty, including a advantageous, deprivation of liberty and restitution.
According to the brand new law, media firms and web platforms must remove such materials inside 48 hours of termination of the victim. Platforms must also take steps to remove the duplicate content.
Many states have already banned clear sexual desems and pornography of revenge, but for the primary time federal regulatory authorities will enter to impose restrictions on web firms.
The first lady Melania Trump lobbyed for the law, which was sponsored by the senators Ted Cruz (R-TEXAS) and Amy Klobuchar (d-minn.). Cruz said he inspired him to act after hearing that Snapchat for nearly a 12 months refused to remove a deep displacement of a 14-year-old girl.
Proponents of freedom of speech and a group of digital rights aroused concerns, saying that the law is Too wide And it will probably lead to censorship of legal photos, similar to legal pornography, in addition to government critics.
(Tagstransate) AI
Technology
Microsoft Nadella sata chooses chatbots on the podcasts

While the general director of Microsoft, Satya Nadella, says that he likes podcasts, perhaps he didn’t take heed to them anymore.
That the treat is approaching at the end longer profile Bloomberg NadellaFocusing on the strategy of artificial intelligence Microsoft and its complicated relations with Opeli. To illustrate how much she uses Copilot’s AI assistant in her day by day life, Nadella said that as a substitute of listening to podcasts, she now sends transcription to Copilot, after which talks to Copilot with the content when driving to the office.
In addition, Nadella – who jokingly described her work as a “E -Mail driver” – said that it consists of a minimum of 10 custom agents developed in Copilot Studio to sum up E -Mailes and news, preparing for meetings and performing other tasks in the office.
It seems that AI is already transforming Microsoft in a more significant way, and programmers supposedly the most difficult hit in the company’s last dismissals, shortly after Nadella stated that the 30% of the company’s code was written by AI.
(Tagstotransate) microsoft
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