Health and Wellness
How Domestic Violence Perpetrators Use Drugs and Alcohol to Control Their Victims
At least three a long time of research on intersection substance use within the case of domestic and family violence consistently shows that the frequency, severity and consequences of violence increase when the perpetrator uses alcohol or other drugs.
Around 24–54% of domestic and family violence cases reported to the police in Australia are classified as alcohol-related, while other drugs are linked to 1-9% of incidents. This is consistent with international evidence that shows substance use is related to domestic and family violence 25–50% of cases.
Several studies have also pointed to increased heaviness domestic and family violence where substances are involved. Australian studyThe study, which examined 240 women murdered by a current or former partner between 2010 and 2018, found that greater than 60% of male perpetrators were inebriated or drugs on the time of the fatal incident.
Other studies indicate alcohol-related domestic and family violence is 2 to thrice more likely to involve serious physical violence, resembling life-threatening injuries and broken bones, compared to domestic and family violence that shouldn’t be alcohol-related.
Our research, nevertheless, is especially curious about the role that alcohol and other drugs play within the tactics of violence and abuse by perpetrators. This is typically called “compulsion to use substances“and it is a kind of compulsory control.
Understanding Substance Use Compulsion
Coercive control is a repetitive pattern of emotional, verbal, sexual, financial, or technology-enabled abuse that instills fear and control over one other person.
Set national rules In in search of to address the problem of coercive control within the context of domestic and family violence, it will be significant to recognise that substance use may be exploited in the identical way as technological or financial abuse.
Our work identifies several ways by which perpetrators may exploit alcohol or other drugs as a type of coercive control, or in other words, using one’s substance use to gain more power. These include:
- to justify his violence (“It was the drink that made me do it”)
- shift the main focus from abuse to other problems (“I have a drug problem, that’s more important”)
- control others through their substance use. For example, when a one who abuses is intoxicated or in withdrawal, victim-survivors often comply with their demands or avoid arguing to de-escalate violence.
Perpetrators may additionally use victim-survivors’ substance use as a weapon. Research shows that to numb the physical and emotional pain of domestic violence, victim-survivors may turn to substances.
The perpetrators often encourage this practice to increase their power and control over the victim-survivor and to undermine their credibility if the authorities get entangled.
Similarly, perpetrators may intensify the victims’ existing substance use, for instance by persuading them to drink alcohol or take drugs. more oftenAlternatively, they might sabotage the efforts of victim-survivors to get well by stopping them from accessing medical services.
Another tactic is to lie in regards to the nature and extent of the victim-survivor’s substance use. This may undermine their credibility with authorities resembling child protection services or family courts.
Children suffer too
At a basic level, children are terrified after they hear their father coming home drunk and aggressive. They fear for themselves in addition to for his or her moms, often finding that the violence that follows leaves neither parent able to take care of their needs.
They may additionally be involved in forcing their father to take psychoactive substances. For example:
If you do not shut these kids up, I’m going for a drink.
Child protection data shows how child protection data can have a serious impact on children living in a violent environment where a minimum of one parent is addicted to psychoactive substances.
Recent New South Wales Study reported on children living in situations of domestic and family violence. Children whose one or each parents had substance use problems or poor mental health were thrice more likely to be identified as vulnerable to harm requiring statutory intervention than those in cases of domestic and family violence alone.
Children in situations involving substance abuse and domestic and family violence are amongst essentially the most vulnerable in Australia.
What can we do?
Policy and practical responses on the intersection of domestic violence and substance use, each in Australia AND internationallyfocused on single problems: domestic violence and substance use.
Although many families perceive domestic violence and substance use as closely linked, service systems often fragment these experiences, treating the 2 issues as unrelated.
Our research explores how these two highly isolated sectors can work together in the shape of 17-week group program for fathers who used violence and abuse within the context of substance use. These men had a more significant history of violence and abuse than men in an analogous program focused solely on violence.
International evidence shows that programs that address each substance abuse and domestic violence are developed but rarely followed up, despite evidence of their effectiveness.
We would love to see more nuanced policy and practice that recognises the complex relationship between domestic and family violence and substance use. Importantly, these approaches need to recognise children’s experiences of those intersecting issues and provide tailored responses to promote their safety.
Health and Wellness
Perfect Imperfection of Wabi-Sabi Makeup – Essence
Fairchild/Penske Media archive via Getty Images
Perfection is an addictive ideal of beauty that we have now all fallen victim to. This is clear in every thing from our drugs cabinets full of “anti-aging” skincare products to standardization Botox parties. What’s more, we even see it in horror movies (think: ) – revealing our insatiable desire to research and abandon perceived flaws.
This season, nonetheless, perfection is an outdated trend. Wabi-sabi— a Japanese worldview characterised by finding beauty in imperfection — is gaining popularity as a crucial antithesis to the fear of perfection. While aesthetic surgery is entering itsThe undetectable era” in response to the improvements of the watch, the makeup world is questioning whether beauty even exists in perfection.
“Don’t stress about imperfection. Embrace it. Relaxed, vibrant makeup feels more real and authentic” – MAC Senior National Artist Fatima Thomas says ESSENCE. “Things that are a little bit uneven, like a little blurry or a little bit uneven, can actually be quite visually pleasing.”
Below, Thomas explains the impact of Wabi-sabi beauty and her skilled techniques in achieving this look.
The rise of Wabi-sabi makeup
“A lot of people are taking a less stringent approach to makeup,” says Thomas. “When you worry less about having every line be perfect, every blend being perfect, you can actually enjoy applying and wearing makeup.” With beauty tricks like showering after punching to set the look with steam or sleeping in eyeliner for a soft grunge aesthetic, “Wabi-sabi allows for greater freedom and self-expression.”
Why now’s the proper time to adopt this mindset
“Do you really need to spend an extra 10 minutes to get your eyeliner perfect, or is it already good enough,” she asks. “After the pandemic and global inflation, people don’t want to stress about their makeup,” she continues, as TikTok’s viral “dopamine menu” trend turns beauty right into a form of therapy. “Wabi-sabi is about doing your best, and if it’s a little shaky, it’s okay.”
What does imperfect makeup appear like?
With airbrushes and editing apps distorting our view of achievable beauty: “I believe [imperfection] it is an opposition to digital filters and Photoshop,” he says. “It could be intentional or accidental, but it takes away the urge to rush and refine everything to look photoshopped.”
According to Thomas, the wabi-sabi approach relies more on philosophy than on any particular view. However, the important thing to imperfections is in nuances: “Do your makeup quickly and refrain from fixing minor imperfections.”
Health and Wellness
Companies that help insurance companies deny pre-authorization claims –
KFF survey found that roughly 6 in 10 insured adults have experienced problems while using their insurance. Issues include denied claims, network adequacy, pre-authorization delays and denials. As the investigation shows, this is just not a surprise. A hidden industry makes money by denying doctors’ payment requests, called prior authorizations.
According to a ProPublica investigation, one in every of the important thing participants on this scheme is Evernorth’s EviCore. A ProPublica investigation found that EviCore is owned by the big insurance company Cigna. The largest U.S. insurance companies employ EviCore and supply protection to 100 million consumers.
EviCore apparently uses a synthetic intelligence-supported algorithm that insurance industry insiders call “the shield.” The algorithm system will be customized, which ultimately results in more pre-authorization claim rejections.
What’s even weirder is that EviCore reportedly has some contracts that allow it to make more cash the more it cuts health care spending by insurance companies.
EviCore is just not alone. Another big player is Carelon Medical Benefits Management, a subsidiary of Elevance Health, formerly Anthem. Although the corporate has been accused in court of unlawfully denying legitimate insurance applications, it denies all allegations.
How companies respond
EviCore claims that the approval process ensures that the procedures are protected, obligatory and price-effective.
“We are improving the quality and safety of healthcare, and – by a happy coincidence – we are significantly reducing unnecessary costs,” said an EviCore doctor in the course of the company’s series of webinars.
But based on the investigation, EviCore’s approach is way more sinister than it suggests. EviCore reportedly guarantees a 3-to-1 return on investment, which implies your insurer can pay $3 less for medical care and other costs.
For some perspective, in 2021 in Arkansas, EviCore denied prior authorization requests almost 20% of the time. Medicare Advantage plans denied prior authorization requests about 7% of the time in 2022, based on a ProPublica evaluation of knowledge.
A Cigna spokesperson said on behalf of EviCore: “Simply put, EviCore uses the latest evidence-based medicine to ensure patients get the care they need and avoid services they don’t need.”
The spokesperson added that the corporate uses algorithms in some clinical programs “only to expedite the approval of appropriate care and reduce administrative burdens on healthcare providers.”
Health and Wellness
Black Women in Politics: Janelle Bynum Makes History and Becomes Oregon’s First Black Member of Congress – Essence
Photo: ALYCIA SANDERS
Oregon House Representative Janelle Bynum made history with a landmark victory in Oregon’s fifth Congressional District race. She will turn out to be the primary black lawmaker to represent Oregon in Congress.
After a decent battle with incumbent Republican Lori Chavez-DeRemer, Bynum becomes the district’s first black representative, a major achievement in an area where black residents make up just 3% of the population.
Bynum led Chavez-DeRemer 47.8% to 45%as of Friday, he had a lead of greater than 10,000 votes in a district that covers parts of six counties. It would allow Democrats to retake the district that Chavez-DeRemer, the previous mayor of Happy Valley, flipped to Republican control in 2022 after being rezoned in the 2020 census.
Bynum expressed gratitude to her voters. “I am extremely honored that my neighbors have chosen me to be the next congresswoman from Oregon’s Fifth Congressional District,” she said in a press release after Oregonian/OregonLive called a race. “My work has always been a love letter to the children of Oregon. I ran for office to brighten their futures, and I will do just that in Washington, D.C. – for their education, reproductive freedoms, job opportunities and so much more.”
At 49, Bynum entered the race with an exceptional advantage after defeating Chavez-DeRemer twice in the previous state election. Her campaign gained strong financial support, raising over $1 million greater than her opponent, signaling strong local and national support.
This victory is personal for Bynum, who was born in Washington. “As a minority in many rooms, I am used to having to listen to multiple points of view and build consensus,” she said in a recent interview with ESSENCE. “Oregon would hire someone who solves problems, someone who shakes up the status quo.”
The daughter of two teachers and one generation faraway from segregation, Bynum brings a dual commitment to public service and business. She is a wife, mother of three and owner of 4 McDonald’s franchises in Oregon, combining her commitment to community with local entrepreneurship.
The centerpiece of the election was Oregon’s fifth Congressional District, stretching from the suburbs of Portland, through the Willamette Valley, the Cascade Mountains and into the high desert. President Joe Biden carried the district in 2020. Bynum’s campaign resonated with voters by prioritizing community-based solutions for public safety, education and economic equity.
With over 543,000 voters in the district – a few third Democrat, third Republican and third unaffiliated – Bynum’s victory shows how vital swing voters were. While each parties had strong bases, her victory reflects the political divide in the district and strengthens Democrats’ hopes for changing the balance in Congress.
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