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The emergence of JN.1 is an evolutionary “step change” in the Covid-19 pandemic. Why is this necessary?

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Since the discovery of August 2023has the JN.1 variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus widespread. It has grow to be dominant in Australia and Around the Worldeat the biggest wave of Covid-19 seen in many jurisdictions for not less than the last 12 months.

World Health Organization (WHO) classified JN.1 as a “variant of interest” in December 2023 and January definitely confirmed The coronavirus has been an ongoing global health threat, causing “far too many” preventable diseases and with worrying potential long-term health consequences.

JN.1 is significant. Firstly, as a pathogen – it is a surprisingly new edition of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID disease) and is quickly replacing other circulating strains (omicron XBB).

This is also necessary because of what it says about the evolution of Covid-19. Typically, SARS-CoV-2 variants look quite similar to those who got here before, accumulating just a couple of mutations at a time, giving the virus a major advantage over its parent.

However, sometimes, as was the case with the emergence of Omicron (B.1.1.529) two years ago, variants appear seemingly out of the blue and have distinctly different characteristics from what got here before. This has necessary implications for disease and transmission.

Until now, it wasn’t clear that this “step change” evolution would occur again, especially given the continued success of continuously evolving omicron variants.

JN.1 is so outstanding and causing such a wave of latest infections that many are wondering whether WHO will recognize JN.1 as one other variant of the problem with its own Greek letter. Either way, with JN.1 we’ve entered a brand new phase of the pandemic.

Where did JN.1 come from?

The story of JN.1 (or BA.2.86.1.1) begins along with her appearance parents’ pedigree BA.2.86 around mid-2023, which is derived from the much earlier (2022) omicron subvariant BA.2.

Chronic infections which may remain unresolved for months (if not years in some people) likely play a task in the emergence of these step change variants.

In chronically infected people, the virus silently tests and ultimately retains many mutations that help it evade immunity and survive in the person. In the case of BA.2.86, this resulted in over 30 mutations in the spike protein (the protein on the surface of SARS-CoV-2 that permits it to connect to our cells).



The sheer number of infections occurring around the world sets the stage for serious evolution of the virus. SARS-CoV-2 still has very high mutation rate. Therefore, JN.1 itself is already here mutating and evolving Quick.

How is JN.1 different from other variants?

BA.2.86 and now JN.1 behave in a way that appears unique in laboratory tests for 2 reasons.

The first concerns how the virus evades immunity. JN.1 inherited over 30 mutations in its spike protein. He also acquired a brand new mutation, L455Swhich further reduces the ability of antibodies (one part of the immune system’s protective response) to bind to the virus and forestall infection.

The second concerns changes in the course of JN.1 comes in and replicates in our cells. Without going into molecular details, we will point to the latest, high-profile laboratory research conducted by United States AND Europe observed that BA.2.86 enters cells from the lungs in an identical manner to premicron variants akin to delta. However, preliminary work of the Australian Kirby Institute using various techniques finds replication features which might be higher suited to the omicron lineage.

Further research to resolve these differences in cell entry is necessary since it affects where the virus may prefer to duplicate in the body, which could impact disease severity and transmission.

In any case, these findings show that JN.1 (and SARS-CoV-2 in general) can’t only move around our immune system, but additionally find latest ways to contaminate cells and transmit efficiently. We must proceed to analyze how this manifests in humans and the way it affects clinical outcomes.

Is JN.1 more severe?

The JN.1 has certain features that distinguish it from other variants.
Elizaveta Galitckaia/Shutterstock

The rapid evolution of BA.2.86, combined with immune evasion functions in JN.1, gave the virus global growth advantage well beyond the XBB.1-based lines we saw in 2023.

Despite these features, the evidence suggests that ours adaptive immune system it could still successfully recognize and reply to BA.286 and JN.1. Updated monovalent vaccines, tests and coverings remain effective v. JN.1.

There are two components to “severity”: first, if it is more “inherently” severe (worse disease with infection in the absence of any immunity), and second, if the virus transmits more often, causing more disease and death just because that it infects more people. The latter is definitely the case with JN.1.



What’s next?

We simply do not know whether this virus is on an evolutionary path to becoming “the next cold” or not, nor do we’ve any idea what that time-frame is perhaps. One sec trajectory study 4 historical coronaviruses may give us insight into where we is perhaps headed, this needs to be considered one possible path. The arrival of the JN.1 highlights that we’re coping with an ongoing Covid-19 epidemic and this looks to be the future for the foreseeable future.

We are actually in a brand new phase of the pandemic: post-crisis. However, COVID stays a serious infectious disease causing harm worldwide, each through acute infections and long-term infection with the Covid-19 virus. At a societal and individual level, we’d like to rethink the risks of accepting further waves of infections.

All in all, it highlights the importance comprehensive strategies to scale back the transmission and impact of the Covid viruswith the least overlap (e.g clean indoor air interventions).

People are deliberate to proceed to take energetic steps to guard yourself and people around you.

For higher pandemic preparedness for emerging threats and higher response to current threats, it is crucial that we proceed global surveillance. A worrying drawback is the low representation of low- and middle-income countries. Intensified research is also crucial.


This article was originally published on : theconversation.com
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Health and Wellness

Telling Our Stories: How StoryCorps and the Jordan Brand Will Amplify Black Voices with the Brightness in Black Initiative – Essence

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StorCorps

StoryCorpsa national nonprofit organization dedicated to elevating the voices of on a regular basis people has launched a groundbreaking latest initiative, “Brightness in Black.” This three-yr project, in partnership with Michael Jordan and Jordan Brand’s Black Community Commitment, goals to spotlight Black stories in a way that shifts the narrative and celebrates the joy and diverse richness of Black life.

To dig deeper into this multi-yr initiative, ESSENCE sat down StoryCorps CEO Sandra Clark. She emphasized that Brightness in Black goes beyond traditional storytelling and seeks to alter the way black stories are told and received. Launched in September, the project launched in Philadelphia and Atlanta – two cities deeply rooted in black culture and history.

Clark began by emphasizing that Light in the Black is rooted in StoryCorps’ core mission – empowering people to inform their very own stories in their very own voices. “StoryCorps has traveled across the country over the last 20 years, collecting stories from everyday people. And what we know about these stories is that when people can tell their own stories in their own voices about what is most important to them… they become a legacy,” Clark said. “These stories combined together constitute the true history of America.”

As Clark explained, this initiative will not be nearly documenting experiences; it’s about addressing oversimplified and often negative narratives about Black life. “Our stories are often oversimplified. The narratives about our lives are often very limited,” she said, reflecting on how Black communities are typically portrayed in the media. Brightness in Black is a probability to flip the script – to give attention to the nuances, joys and aspirations that are not all the time at the focus.

Brightness in Black officially premiered in Philadelphia and Atlanta in September, and Clark explained that the alternative wasn’t nearly demographics; it was about history, community strength and local partnerships. “These cities have such a rich Black history, and the people here are no strangers to working to change the narrative,” Clark said.

Telling Our Stories: How StoryCorps and the Jordan Brand will amplify Black voices through the Brightness in Black initiative

StoryCorps doesn’t just parachute in and ask people to inform their stories. Clark explained that the project relies heavily on collaboration with community organizations, creators and educators in these cities. “We work with local partners — organizations and educators who have been doing this work for a long time. They understand the power of storytelling and the importance of capturing the full scope of Black life,” she said.

Through partnerships with HBCUs, community organizations and local creators, Brightness in Black will launch with storytelling events, recording sessions and workshops designed to have interaction each individuals and larger communities. “It’s not just about coming in, recording a story and leaving,” Clark explained. “We are creating connections by working with local leaders to ensure this initiative is deeply rooted in communities.”

One of the key pillars of the initiative is changing the typical narrative specializing in combat. Clark said that while difficult elements of the Black experience can’t be ignored, there may be also way more that needs attention.

“We as Black people are used to telling our stories, starting with trauma, hardship and hardship. And while these experiences are certainly part of our lives, there is much more to our story. Brightness in Black gives us a space to talk about our dreams, aspirations and the joys of everyday life. We want to focus on the greatness of Black life in all its forms,” Clark said.

Telling Our Stories: How StoryCorps and the Jordan Brand will amplify Black voices through the Brightness in Black initiative

The initiative includes in-person and virtual opportunities to share your stories through the StoryCorps app, community storytelling sessions, and StoryCorps Connect, which allows friends and family to record conversations from anywhere.

Black Joy and Black Fatherhood are examples of the stories Clark desires to amplify through this initiative. So what happens to all these powerful stories once they’re shared? The recordings collected during the three-yr initiative shall be archived at the Library of Congress, making these stories a part of the historical record. Additionally, the stories shall be shared widely – through radio, podcasts and local events that bring these narratives to life in their communities.

“Changing the narrative works best when everyone can hear the stories,” Clark said. “It’s not just about sharing our stories in Black communities – it’s about the wider world hearing these stories. This is how we change the perspective.”

Each city involved in Brightness in Black can have the opportunity to present these stories locally, allowing residents of Philadelphia, Atlanta and other future cities to listen to reflections on their very own community in a meaningful way. As “Brightness in Black” develops over the next three years, Clark is worked up about the project’s potential impact. “This is not just a collection of stories – it is a movement to change the way we view and value Black lives,” she said.

“We want to ensure that at the end of this initiative, we have created a lasting legacy that future generations can look back on and see the full picture of Black life in America.”

This article was originally published on : www.essence.com
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Health and Wellness

Why Monday is the most dangerous day on a construction site

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The Australian construction industry employs over 1.3 million employees. That’s about 9% of the workforce.

But there could also be construction sites dangerous workplaces. There are also more accidents on the street Monday than every other weekday, as we see on this pattern many countries.

Many aspects give us this “The Monday effect“. We can address these and other issues to scale back avoidable workplace accidents on Mondays and other weekdays.

Construction is dangerous

The construction sector has higher rates accidents at work than the national average.

The industry reported that in 2023 45 employees diedwhich is a rise from the five-year average of 33.

Construction employees most often die from being hit by moving objects. The next most common causes are deaths resulting from falls, trips and slips.

Financial yr 2022-23 There were over 16,600 serious employees’ compensation claims in the construction sector. The median salary is now A$18,479 and the median lost work time is 8.5 weeks – each higher than in previous years.

“The Monday Effect”

Various studies conducted in numerous regions confirm that “The Monday effect”in construction. For example, a Chinese study found that fatal accidents occurred 12.6% more often on Mondays in comparison with other weekdays. There was a similar trend in Spain AND Hong Kong.

We also see “The Monday effect” IN other industries, akin to agriculture, forestry, mining and manufacturing.

A Spanish study that checked out records almost 3 million accidents at workincluding construction, confirmed the Monday effect across industries, firms of all sizes, every kind of employees, and every kind of injuries.

Linked data from all workplace accidents in Queensland also confirms Monday’s impact.

Why Mondays?

Construction accidents are more likely on Monday many reasons.

For example, staying up late on Sunday night and getting a poor night’s rest the night before the work week starts contributes to “cognitive failures” and mistakes at work on Monday.

Mondays often involve starting recent tasks or projects. This may cause unknown risks.

Construction site conditions, including weather, may change over the weekend, causing unexpected hazards. For example, strong winds over the weekend could cause scaffolding or unsecured materials to maneuver, increasing the risk of accidents on Monday.

We need to handle the root causes

AND test chargeable for the safety and efficiency of the Australian construction industry, stressed the have to proactively anticipate and stop accidents somewhat than taking motion after they occur – on Mondays or other days of the week.

The study used in-depth interviews with 30 industry professionals at 14 firms to discover several aspects contributing to construction accidents:

  • unrealistic deadlineswhich might prompt employees to rush and cut corners to get the job done on time

  • shortage of expert laborwhich suggests some employees could also be doing work for which they aren’t qualified

  • employees are afraid to talk out about safety concernswhich can result in failure to report and address potential threats

  • complicated and unknown custom structureswhich can involve unique risks and challenges that employees may not have encountered before

  • insufficient human factor risk assessmentwhich include fatigue, stress or cognitive overload and might result in errors and unsafe decisions on the spot

  • rushed training programsparticularly for safety reasons, which can leave employees unprepared to cope with risks or follow proper procedures.

What can we do to forestall accidents?

Part of the solution to a few of these problems is supporting a workplace culture during which security it is perceived as a core value and shared responsibility of employers, superiors and employees.

In construction firms, where safety is treated as “psychological contract” – unwritten but mutual obligations of employees and superiors – employees are higher equipped identifying and eliminating security threats.

Awareness campaigns highlighting issues akin to the “Monday effect” can even encourage adjustments to workflows to scale back the risk of accidents. This may include scheduling less dangerous or less complex tasks for Mondays to present employees time to return to their every day duties.

What else can we do?

Technology it will possibly also help prevent accidents.

For example, wearable sensors on a wristband or smartphone can discover, track and monitor employees body posture. These sensors can detect unsafe lifting practices, excessive bending, or prolonged exposure to a static or uncomfortable position. These are aspects that may contribute to ergonomic risks and injuries.

Augmented reality could be used to simulate tasks to assist employees practice techniques safely.

Artificial intelligence could analyze the image from the camera Down monitor workplaces in case of dangerous activities and signaling threats.

But cost concernsprivacy and industry belief that these investments are worthwhile are amongst the barriers to the adoption of those technologies.

Talking about money

Raising awareness of the economic costs of workplace accidents can change attitudes and priorities.

2019 Australian study found that the average cost of a construction accident ranges from $2,040 to $6,024,517. This depends on whether the accident resulted in brief or long absence from work, whether someone is partially or completely unable to work, or whether someone dies.

Elements of this estimate include compensation, lack of income or earnings, costs of coaching and retraining of staff, social welfare advantages, in addition to costs of treatment, tests and care.

Goal: zero deaths

Deaths and injuries at work on construction sites mustn’t be dismissed as accidents. They are a symptom of many systemic aspects that should be addressed through thoughtful motion and a commitment to safety.

Just as road safety initiatives aim to realize zero fatalities, the construction industry should focus on achieving zero workplace fatalities.

This article was originally published on : theconversation.com
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Health and Wellness

Yvette Nicole Brown’s glamorous bachelorette party was a star-studded affair

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Yvette Nicole Brown is sort of ready for her big day, and her girls are by her side to assist her rejoice her upcoming nuptials.

Brown will soon marry actor Anthony Davis, Brown, 53, celebrated on Nov. 17 with a lavish wedding reception along with her closest friends and sorority sisters at Inglewood’s only Black-owned winery, 1010 Wine & Events. This star-studded event was planned by William P. Miller and hosted by legendary black actresses reminiscent of Vanessa Bell Calloway Lela Rochon Fuqua Kym Whitley, who was also the “Shower Master of Ceremonies.”

The party’s theme was “Our Pearl Found Her Diamond” and paid tribute to Brown’s beloved sorority, Alpha Kappa Alpha, and its signature pearls and diamond engagement ring. Brown became a proud soror of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority 30 years ago when she graduated from the University of Akron in Ohio, where she became a member of the Delta Pi chapter.

The guest list included several of Brown’s famous friends from Black Hollywood’s elite circle, including Kim Fields, Essence Atkins, Holly Robinson Peete, Wendy Raquel Robinson, Cree Summer Francks and Yvette Lee Bowser.

The ladies rejoiced with the music of DJ Candice Manier, original SV Vodka cocktails and a cake created by Southern Girl Desserts. They also made pearl jewelry, played games, and watched a video with sweet messages and photos.

For Brown, having her friends’ support down the aisle “means everything.”

“I think most of them were or are married. I know a few of them have been at least proposed,” Brown says. “This is my first everything. It’s exciting to be able to sit at their feet and hear their opinions on various topics, and to be able to tell me what they think about it all.”

We cannot wait for Brown to tie the knot along with her beau next month.

This article was originally published on : www.essence.com
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